Sensors are versatile components for the detection of physical or chemical measurands. After the quantitative or qualitative detection, the application-specific converter outputs an analogue electrical signal. In relation to the input variable of the sensor, this signal can be interpreted by the controller. Sensors can be divided into passive and active sensors. Further distinctions are possible on the basis of the measurement methods (mechanical, thermoelectric, resistive, piezoelectric, capacitive, inductive, photoelectric, magnetic) and resolution (temporal, spectral, radiometric, geometric). Sensors are used, for example, in the industrial environment and in vehicles. Typical car variants are camshaft sensors, crankshaft angle sensors, wheel speed sensors, axle load sensors, lambda probes, blind angle sensors, distance sensors / proximity sensors, tank level sensors, internal temperature sensors and rain sensors. Smart sensors and radio sensors are available as variants. Sensors are also referred to as readings recorders, signal elements, sensors and transducers.
